Main Article Content

Anggun Amanda Putri
Alfiah Rahmawati

Abstract

Anemia in pregnancy is a serious health problem that can adversely affect both mother and fetus. The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in Indonesia increased from 37.1% in 2013 to 48.9% in 2018, well above the national target of 28%. Factors such as nutritional status, birth spacing, and parity are known to contribute to the incidence of anemia. This study aims to analyze the effect of nutritional status, birth spacing, and parity on anemia in pregnant women based on a literature review. The method used was literature review from electronic sources such as Google Scholar, PubMed, BioMed Central (BMC), and SINTA with inclusion criteria of articles published between 2019-2024. The results showed that poor nutritional status increased the risk of anemia up to 6 times, pregnancy spacing <2 years related to decreased hemoglobin levels, and high parity increased the risk of anemia due to lack of iron recovery. In conclusion, nutritional status, pregnancy spacing, and parity affect the incidence of anemia in pregnant women.

Article Details

How to Cite
Putri, A. A., & Rahmawati, A. (2025). Determinants of anemia in pregnant women: Nutrition status, birth interval, parity. Journal of Midwifery and Nursing, 7(2), 293-300. https://doi.org/10.35335/jmn.v7i2.6171
References
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2021). prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil.
Fitrianingtyas, I., Pertiwi, F. D., & Rachmania, W. (2018). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Kurang Energi Kronis (Kek) Pada Ibu Hamil Di Puskesmas Warung Jambu Kota Bogor. Hearty, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.32832/hearty.v6i2.1275
Gusnidarsih, V. (2020). Hubungan Usia Dan Jarak Kehamilan Dengan Kejadian Anemia Klinis Selama Kehamilan. Jurnal Asuhan Ibu Dan Anak, 5(1), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.33867/jaia.v5i1.155
Harna, H., Muliani, E. Y., Sa’pang, M., Dewanti, L. P., & Irawan, A. M. A. (2020). Prevalensi dan Determinan Kejadian Anemia Ibu Hamil. Jik Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 4(2), 78. https://doi.org/10.33757/jik.v4i2.289
kemenkes. (2024). Kurang Energi Kronis pada Ibu Hamil.
kemenkes RI. (2019). profil kesehatan indonesia 2019.
kemenkes RI. (2024). Kurang Energi Kronis pada Ibu Hamil.
Kemenkes RI. (2015). Rencana Strategis Kementrian Kesehatan Tahun 2015-2019.
Kemenkes RI. (2021). Merencanakan Kehamilan Sehat. Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Kemenkes RI. (2022). Buku saku kehamilan sehat.
Kemenkes RI. (2023). Buku Saku Pencegahan Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil Dan Remaja Putri. In IEEE Sensors Journal (Vol. 5, Issue 4).
Mutiarasari, D. (2019). HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL DI PUSKESMAS TINGGEDE. Hubungan Status Gizi Dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil Di Puskesmas Tinggede, 5(2), 42–48.
Nugraha, R. N., Lalandos, J. L., & Nurina, R. L. (2019). HUBUNGAN JARAK KEHAMILAN DAN JUMLAH PARITAS DENGAN KEJADIAN KURANG ENERGI KRONIK (KEK) PADA IBU HAMIL DI KOTA KUPANG. Cendana Medical Journal (CMJ), 7(2), 273-280. 17, 273–280.
Prawirohardjo, S. (2020). Ilmu Kebidanan. PT Bina Pustaka.
Reni Yuli Astutik. (2018). Anemia dalam Kehamilan.
Restuti, W., Suprapti, B., & Pertiwi, S. (2020). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Komplikasi Kehamilan Di Desa Sukasenang Kecamatan Tanjungjaya Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Journal of Midwifery Information (JoMI), 2(1), 135–151.
Ririn Riyani, Siswani Marianna, & Yoanita Hijriyati. (2020). Hubungan Antara Usia Dan Paritas Dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil. Binawan Student Journal, 2(1), 178–184. https://doi.org/10.54771/bsj.v2i1.105
Suryani, S., Nurti, T., Heryani, N., & Rihadatul ‘Aisy, R. (2022). Efektivitas Media Audiovisual dan Booklet Terhadap Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Gizi Dalam Pencegahan Kekurangan Energi Kronis. Nursing Care and Health Technology Journal (NCHAT), 2(1), 48–54. https://doi.org/10.56742/nchat.v2i1.36