Utilization of cluster 3 primary care integration services among the elderly
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Abstract
The growing elderly population demands comprehensive and responsive primary healthcare. In Indonesia, the Cluster 3 Primary Care Integration (ILP) Program was developed to address older adults' health needs; however, prior research mostly used quantitative methods focused on accessibility, leaving older adults’ subjective experiences unexplored. This study fills that gap by qualitatively examining their utilization experiences—including perceptions, benefits, family support, and barriers—offering a multi-stakeholder perspective combining voices of older adults, families, health workers, PPKBD personnel, and staff. A qualitative phenomenological design was employed, collecting data via interviews, FGDs, observations, and documentation from 30 purposively selected participants, analyzed thematically. Five main themes emerged: utilization experiences, perceived quality, family support, multi-level barriers, and improvement expectations. Findings indicate positive experiences were primarily driven by active family and health worker engagement, whereas physical constraints, lack of caregivers, and limited diagnostic facilities were key barriers. Strong support offset individual barriers, but system limitations constrained potential benefits. The study concludes that Cluster 3 ILP utilization is shaped by interacting individual, family, and system factors, implying the need to strengthen elderly education, caregiver support, diagnostic supplies, and formal integration of community roles into primary care policy.
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