Efforts to Increase Pregnant Women's Knowledge Through Education Regarding Their Nutritional Needs in 2023
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Abstract
Pregnancy is a crucial period in a woman's life, where balanced nutritional needs are crucial for the health of both mother and fetus. Pregnant women's knowledge of nutritional needs plays a significant role in preventing pregnancy complications and fetal growth and development. However, many pregnant women still have limited knowledge of nutritional needs, both macro and micronutrients. The purpose of this study was to determine efforts to improve pregnant women's knowledge through education regarding nutritional needs in 2023. This study was conducted using an educational approach that emphasized lectures, interactive discussions, and the distribution of educational media in the form of leaflets. The research method used was a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The number of respondents in this study was 40 pregnant women who participated in educational activities in the Community Health Center (Puskesmas) work area in 2023. The research instrument was a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using a t-test to determine significant differences in knowledge levels before and after education. The results showed a significant increase in pregnant women's knowledge regarding nutritional needs after education, with a p-value <0.05. This proves that health education is effective in improving the knowledge of pregnant women. This increased knowledge is expected to impact changes in the attitudes and behaviors of pregnant women regarding meeting their daily nutritional needs. This can reduce the risk of complications during pregnancy. Furthermore, education delivered through interactive discussion methods has proven to be more effective than lectures alone, as pregnant women can ask questions and discuss any issues they experience. These educational activities also raise pregnant women's awareness of the importance of the family's role in supporting nutritional needs during pregnancy. Family support is a crucial factor in the success of this education. This study demonstrates that health education interventions can be an effective strategy for increasing knowledge and acting as a preventative measure in maternal and child health services. Therefore, education regarding the nutritional needs of pregnant women needs to be continuously implemented as part of maternal health programs at the primary care level.
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