IDENTIFIKASI TUMBUHAN YANG BERPOTENSI SEBAGAI PESTISIDA NABATI DI KAMPUNG KUPER DISTRIK SEMANGGA
Keywords:
Identifikasi, pestisida nabati, hama, penyakitAbstract
Hama dan penyakit tanaman merupakan faktor pembatas dalam budidaya tanaman untuk mencapai produksi yang optimal. Hama dan penyakit tanaman dapat dikendalikan menggunakan pestisida yang berbahan dasar tanaman atau disebut dengan pestisida nabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tumbuhan yang berpotensi sebagai pestisida nabati di Kampung Kuper Distrik Semangga. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi serta determinasi berdasarkan studi pustaka. Data hasil pengamatan akan dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menjelaskan hasil observasi tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai pestisida nabati berdasarkan studi literatur. Tumbuhan yang didokumentasikan dilengkapi dengan nama ilmiah (botani), nama lokal, famili, genus, spesies, bagian tanaman yang dimanfaatkan sebagai pestisida nabati dan habitatnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 14 jenis tumbuhan ditemukan yang berpotensi sebagai pestisida nabati. Tumbuhan yang ditemukan yaitu kelor, maja, beluntas, serai, kirinyuh, srikaya, sirsak, pinang, sirih, jeruk, jahe, lengkuas, jeruk nipis, dan pepaya. Berdasarkan studi literatur secara umum tanaman yang ditemukan di Kampung Kuper mengandung flavonoid, terpenoid, alkaloid dan saponin. Senyawa-senyawa ini berperan sebagai insektisida, anti bakteri dan jamur yang dapat mengendalikan hama dan penyakit pada tanaman budidaya.
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