Competence, workload, and motivation as predictors of employee performance : Case Study in DPRD Muara Enim Regency
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Abstract
This study aims to analyze and examine the partial and simultaneous effects of competence, workload, and motivation on the performance of employees at the Secretariat of the Regional House of Representatives (DPRD) of Muara Enim Regency. The research employs a quantitative method with a survey, confirmatory, and verificative approach. This study is classified as associative research focusing on the relationships among variables. The research population consists of 90 employees, all of whom were included as the research sample using a saturated sampling technique. The data comprise primary and secondary data, collected through observation, questionnaire-based interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression using SPSS version 30. The results indicate that competence and motivation have a significant positive effect on employee performance, while workload has a significant negative effect on employee performance. Simultaneously, employee performance is positively and significantly influenced by the combination of competence, workload, and motivation. These three variables demonstrate a substantial relationship in improving employee performance. This research contributes to developing comprehensive human resource management science and further research in this field. Improving employee performance can be done by simultaneously paying attention to aspects of competence, workload, and motivation
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How to Cite
Harmison, H. and Alie, M. . (2026) “Competence, workload, and motivation as predictors of employee performance : Case Study in DPRD Muara Enim Regency”, Jurnal Mantik, 9(4), pp. 1387-1396. doi: 10.35335/mantik.v9i4.7005.
References
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Chin, W. W. (1998). The Partial Least Squares Aproach to Structural Equation Modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides (Ed.), Modern methods for business research (pp. 295–336). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
Danila, & Riwu Kore, J. R. (2019). Pengaruh kompetensi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja pegawai di Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Bina Marga Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Ecoment Global?: Kajian Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 4(2), 39–51. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.35908/jeg.v4i2.754
Demerouti, E. (2025). Job demands-resources and conservation of resources theories: How do they help to explain employee well-being and future job design? Journal of Business Research, 192, 115296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115296
Diyahanip, L., Marnisah, L., & Yustini, T. (2022). The influence of workload, work environment, and compensation on employee performance at PT. Bintang Selatan Agung. Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia, 7(11), 16146–16156. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v7i11.10095
Gawron, V. J. (2019). Workload measures. CRC Press.
Gibson, J. L., Ivancevich, J. M., & Donnelly Jr, J. H. (2012). Organizations?: Behavior, Structure, Processes (14th ed.). McGraw - Hill.
Haba Ora, F. (2022). Evaluasi kinerja pegawai berdasarkan iklim pandemi Covid-19, kompetensi, budaya organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan, motivasi, pengembangan karir, komitmen organisasi dan disiplin di Sekretariat Daerah Pemerintah Kota Kupang. Universitas Indo Global Mandiri.
Manafe, E., Riwu Kore, J. R., Wadud, M., & Marnisah, L. (2025). Professionalism, Workload, and Organizational Climate: Their Impact on Employee Productivity. BIMA Journal (Business, Management, & Accounting Journal), 6(1), 307–322. https://doi.org/10.37638/bima.6.1.307-322
Marnisah, L., Riwu Kore, J. R., & Haba Ora, F. (2022). Employee performance based on competency, career development, and organizational culture. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 20(3), 629–647. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2022.020.03.13
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346
Mathis, R. L., & Jackson, J. H. (2011). Human Resource Management. South-Western Chengage Learning.
Muday, F., Marnisah, L., & Yustini, T. (2024). Kinerja pegawai berdasarkan pengaruh disiplin, kompetensi dan budaya organisasi. JMII: Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Indonesia, 1(2), 111–148. https://jurnal.rumahpintarayho.com/index.php/jmii/article/view/26
Riwu Kore, F. R., Yustini, T., Alie, J., Marnisah, L., & Riwu Kore, J. R. (2025). Workload, Emotional Intelligence, and Leadership Style?: Their Impact on Employee Performance DLHK Kota Kupang. BIMA Journal (Business, Management, & Accounting Journal), 6(1), 323–338. https://doi.org/10.37638/bima.6.1.323-338
Riwu Kore, J R, & Haba Ora, F. (2021). The Influence of Competence and Work Motivation to Teacher Performance in Smp Negeri At Kota Kupang. ?lkö?retim Online, 20(1), 1010–1017. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2021.01.73
Riwu Kore, J R, & Haba Ora, F. (2022). New dimensions and indicators in performance measurement. Asia for Earth-2022: 2nd International Conference on Education, Management and Social Science, 350.
Riwu Kore, J R, Yustini, T., & Likur, A. (2022). Employee performance based on discipline, workload, and emotional intelligence at the Dinas Sosial Kota Kupang. Enrichment: Journal of Management, 12(2), 1857–1870. https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v12i2.497
Riwu Kore, J R, Yustini, T., Zamzam, F., & Haba Ora, F. (2022). Influence of Covid-19 pandemic climate, discipline, motivation to performance in BAERT Kupang City. Management and Economics Journal (MEC-J), 6(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.18860/mec-j.v6i1.12967
Riwu Kore, Jefirstson R, Manafe, Y. M., Wadud, M., & Yustini, T. (2025). Endogenity of Performance Based On Work Environment, Creativity and Motivation. BIMA Journal (Business, Management, & Accounting Journal), 6(1), 651–660. https://doi.org/10.37638/bima.6.1.651-660
Riwu Kore, Jefirstson R, Marnisah, L., & Haba Ora, F. (2022). Employee performance analysis based on the effect of discipline, motivation, and organizational commitment at the Regional Secretariat of the Kupang City Government. Jurnal Maksipreneur: Manajemen, Koperasi, Dan Entrepreneurship, 12(1), 76–99. https://doi.org/10.30588/jmp.v12i1.1009
Riwu Kore, K. B., Yustini, T., & Alie, J. (2022). Employee performance based on organizational culture, work discipline, and work motivation (Case study in Kelapa Lima District, Kupang City). Mantik?: Manajemen, Teknologi Informatika Dan Komunikasi, 6(2), 2639–2649. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35335/mantik.v6i2.2774
Rosmaini, & Tanjung, H. (2019). Pengaruh kompetensi, motivasi dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 2(1), 122–135. https://doi.org/10.30596/maneggio.v2i1.3366
Setiawan, E., & Tricahyadinata, I. (2024). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja terhadap Disiplin dan Kinerja Tenaga Kependidikan. Kinerja: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 21(1), 131–136. https://doi.org/10.30872/jkin.v21i1.14793
Setyowati, A., & Nurhayati, M. (2019). The Effect of Workload and Job Characteristics On Employee Performance Through Work-School Conflict as Mediation Variable. Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management (DIJDBM), 1(1), 100–115. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijdbm.v1i1.119
Spencer, L. M. J., & Spencer, S. M. (1993). Competence at Work Models for Superior Performance. John Wiley & Sons.
Sudiarditha, I. K. R., Mardi, & Margaretha, L. (2019). Study of Employee Performance Workload on Job Satisfaction and Work Stress. Jurnal Ilmiah Econosains, 17(1), 31–40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21009/econosains.0171.04
Susanto, Y., Riwu Kore, J. R., Oktovianus, F., & Haba Ora, F. (2021). The effect of compensation and competence on performance with motivation as a variable intervening an employee in partners of the Central Statistics Agency, Lubuklinggau City, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Review of Management and Entrepreneurship, 5(2), 113–136. https://doi.org/10.37715/rme.v5i2.1778
Suwondo, N. (2025). The Influence of Competence and Employee Engagement on Employee Performance With Job Crafting as an Intervening Variable. International Journal of Integrative Sciences, 4(9), 2205–2224. https://doi.org/10.55927/ijis.v4i9.589
Chin, W. W. (1998). The Partial Least Squares Aproach to Structural Equation Modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides (Ed.), Modern methods for business research (pp. 295–336). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
Danila, & Riwu Kore, J. R. (2019). Pengaruh kompetensi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja pegawai di Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Bina Marga Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Ecoment Global?: Kajian Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 4(2), 39–51. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.35908/jeg.v4i2.754
Demerouti, E. (2025). Job demands-resources and conservation of resources theories: How do they help to explain employee well-being and future job design? Journal of Business Research, 192, 115296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115296
Diyahanip, L., Marnisah, L., & Yustini, T. (2022). The influence of workload, work environment, and compensation on employee performance at PT. Bintang Selatan Agung. Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia, 7(11), 16146–16156. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v7i11.10095
Gawron, V. J. (2019). Workload measures. CRC Press.
Gibson, J. L., Ivancevich, J. M., & Donnelly Jr, J. H. (2012). Organizations?: Behavior, Structure, Processes (14th ed.). McGraw - Hill.
Haba Ora, F. (2022). Evaluasi kinerja pegawai berdasarkan iklim pandemi Covid-19, kompetensi, budaya organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan, motivasi, pengembangan karir, komitmen organisasi dan disiplin di Sekretariat Daerah Pemerintah Kota Kupang. Universitas Indo Global Mandiri.
Manafe, E., Riwu Kore, J. R., Wadud, M., & Marnisah, L. (2025). Professionalism, Workload, and Organizational Climate: Their Impact on Employee Productivity. BIMA Journal (Business, Management, & Accounting Journal), 6(1), 307–322. https://doi.org/10.37638/bima.6.1.307-322
Marnisah, L., Riwu Kore, J. R., & Haba Ora, F. (2022). Employee performance based on competency, career development, and organizational culture. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 20(3), 629–647. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2022.020.03.13
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346
Mathis, R. L., & Jackson, J. H. (2011). Human Resource Management. South-Western Chengage Learning.
Muday, F., Marnisah, L., & Yustini, T. (2024). Kinerja pegawai berdasarkan pengaruh disiplin, kompetensi dan budaya organisasi. JMII: Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Indonesia, 1(2), 111–148. https://jurnal.rumahpintarayho.com/index.php/jmii/article/view/26
Riwu Kore, F. R., Yustini, T., Alie, J., Marnisah, L., & Riwu Kore, J. R. (2025). Workload, Emotional Intelligence, and Leadership Style?: Their Impact on Employee Performance DLHK Kota Kupang. BIMA Journal (Business, Management, & Accounting Journal), 6(1), 323–338. https://doi.org/10.37638/bima.6.1.323-338
Riwu Kore, J R, & Haba Ora, F. (2021). The Influence of Competence and Work Motivation to Teacher Performance in Smp Negeri At Kota Kupang. ?lkö?retim Online, 20(1), 1010–1017. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2021.01.73
Riwu Kore, J R, & Haba Ora, F. (2022). New dimensions and indicators in performance measurement. Asia for Earth-2022: 2nd International Conference on Education, Management and Social Science, 350.
Riwu Kore, J R, Yustini, T., & Likur, A. (2022). Employee performance based on discipline, workload, and emotional intelligence at the Dinas Sosial Kota Kupang. Enrichment: Journal of Management, 12(2), 1857–1870. https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v12i2.497
Riwu Kore, J R, Yustini, T., Zamzam, F., & Haba Ora, F. (2022). Influence of Covid-19 pandemic climate, discipline, motivation to performance in BAERT Kupang City. Management and Economics Journal (MEC-J), 6(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.18860/mec-j.v6i1.12967
Riwu Kore, Jefirstson R, Manafe, Y. M., Wadud, M., & Yustini, T. (2025). Endogenity of Performance Based On Work Environment, Creativity and Motivation. BIMA Journal (Business, Management, & Accounting Journal), 6(1), 651–660. https://doi.org/10.37638/bima.6.1.651-660
Riwu Kore, Jefirstson R, Marnisah, L., & Haba Ora, F. (2022). Employee performance analysis based on the effect of discipline, motivation, and organizational commitment at the Regional Secretariat of the Kupang City Government. Jurnal Maksipreneur: Manajemen, Koperasi, Dan Entrepreneurship, 12(1), 76–99. https://doi.org/10.30588/jmp.v12i1.1009
Riwu Kore, K. B., Yustini, T., & Alie, J. (2022). Employee performance based on organizational culture, work discipline, and work motivation (Case study in Kelapa Lima District, Kupang City). Mantik?: Manajemen, Teknologi Informatika Dan Komunikasi, 6(2), 2639–2649. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35335/mantik.v6i2.2774
Rosmaini, & Tanjung, H. (2019). Pengaruh kompetensi, motivasi dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 2(1), 122–135. https://doi.org/10.30596/maneggio.v2i1.3366
Setiawan, E., & Tricahyadinata, I. (2024). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja terhadap Disiplin dan Kinerja Tenaga Kependidikan. Kinerja: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 21(1), 131–136. https://doi.org/10.30872/jkin.v21i1.14793
Setyowati, A., & Nurhayati, M. (2019). The Effect of Workload and Job Characteristics On Employee Performance Through Work-School Conflict as Mediation Variable. Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management (DIJDBM), 1(1), 100–115. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijdbm.v1i1.119
Spencer, L. M. J., & Spencer, S. M. (1993). Competence at Work Models for Superior Performance. John Wiley & Sons.
Sudiarditha, I. K. R., Mardi, & Margaretha, L. (2019). Study of Employee Performance Workload on Job Satisfaction and Work Stress. Jurnal Ilmiah Econosains, 17(1), 31–40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21009/econosains.0171.04
Susanto, Y., Riwu Kore, J. R., Oktovianus, F., & Haba Ora, F. (2021). The effect of compensation and competence on performance with motivation as a variable intervening an employee in partners of the Central Statistics Agency, Lubuklinggau City, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Review of Management and Entrepreneurship, 5(2), 113–136. https://doi.org/10.37715/rme.v5i2.1778
Suwondo, N. (2025). The Influence of Competence and Employee Engagement on Employee Performance With Job Crafting as an Intervening Variable. International Journal of Integrative Sciences, 4(9), 2205–2224. https://doi.org/10.55927/ijis.v4i9.589
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