Product–service system mapping for educational service development in public primary schools
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Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the potential implementation of the Product–Service System (PSS) in primary education and to develop a conceptual model suitable for public elementary schools in urban contexts. The research was motivated by the limited application of PSS within the education sector, despite its extensive utilization in manufacturing and service industries to enhance efficiency, innovation, and customer value. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed to obtain comprehensive insights into actual service conditions, management practices, and resource utilization in SDN Kebon Kacang 05 Pagi. Data were collected using structured questionnaires aimed at analyzing institutional characteristics, resource capabilities, and quadrant eligibility within the PSS framework. The findings revealed that the existing condition of the institution was positioned in Quadrant 11 Pure Service, while the desired development direction pointed toward Quadrants 3, 6, and 20. Based on the analysis, five recommended quadrants were proposed: Quadrant 3 (Advice and Consulting), Quadrant 4 (Product-Related Software), Quadrant 5 (Product Lease), Quadrant 6 (Product Renting/Sharing), and Quadrant 7 (Product Pooling). These quadrants represented strategic opportunities to improve educational service quality through knowledge-based consulting, digital integration, resource efficiency, and collaborative resource sharing. The research concluded that PSS has strong potential to enhance innovation, service quality, and sustainability in primary schools
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How to Cite
Mardhiyah, W. F. ., Manurung, P. T. ., Alamsyah, N. . and Waluyo, M. R. . (2026) “Product–service system mapping for educational service development in public primary schools”, Jurnal Mantik, 9(4), pp. 1261-1269. doi: 10.35335/mantik.v9i4.6853.
References
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Oranga, J., & Matere, A. (2023). Qualitative Research: Essence, Types and Advantages. OALib, 10(12), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1111001
Pyo, J., Lee, W., Choi, E. Y., Jang, S. G., & Ock, M. (2023). Qualitative Research in Healthcare: Necessity and Characteristics. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, 56(1), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.451
Raesi, S., Paloma, C., & Yusmarni. (2024). The Impact of Product Quality on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty toward Hydroponic Vegetables in Padang City: Gender as Moderation Variable. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1323(1), 012012. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1323/1/012012
Saccani, N., Adrodegari, F., & Scalvini, L. (2024). Aligning product-service systems with environmental sustainability: Investigating the key role of revenue and pricing mechanisms. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 209, 107792. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107792
Sarasini, S., Bocken, N., Diener, D., Velter, M., & Whalen, K. (2024). Reviewing the climatic impacts of product service systems: Implications for research and practice. Journal of Cleaner Production, 452, 142119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142119
Suharina, S., Ahyani, N., & Mulyadi, M. (2022). The Influence of Principal’s Leadership and Work Motivation on Teacher’s Performance. Journal of Social Work and Science Education, 3(3), 258–268. https://doi.org/10.52690/jswse.v3i3.326
Syifa Salsabila Mahmuddah, & Junaidi. (2025). The Role of Character Education in Elementary Schools in the Digital Era. Indonesian Values and Character Education Journal, 8(1), 84–100. https://doi.org/10.23887/ivcej.v8i1.90396
Tunn, V. S. C., van den Hende, E. A., Bocken, N. M. P., & Schoormans, J. P. L. (2020). Digitalised product-service systems: Effects on consumers’ attitudes and experiences. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 162, 105045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105045
Anggraeni, R. D., Susanto, A. B., & Awwaliyah, I. N. (2025). Institutional Performance in Higher Education: The Influence of Service Quality and Innovation via Reputation. International Journal of Scientific and Management Research, 08(06), 109–130. https://doi.org/10.37502/IJSMR.2025.8607
Azarian, M., Yu, H., Shiferaw, A. T., & Stevik, T. K. (2023). Do We Perform Systematic Literature Review Right? A Scientific Mapping and Methodological Assessment. Logistics, 7(4), 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics7040089
Aziz, Abd., Saddhono, K., & Setyawan, B. W. (2022). A parental guidance patterns in the online learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic: case study in Indonesian school. Heliyon, 8(12), e12158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12158
Barravecchia, F., Franceschini, F., Mastrogiacomo, L., & Zaki, M. (2021). Research on product-service systems: topic landscape and future trends. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 32(9), 208–238. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-04-2020-0164
Bazen, A., Barg, F. K., & Takeshita, J. (2021). Research Techniques Made Simple: An Introduction to Qualitative Research. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 141(2), 241-247.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2020.11.029
Ding, S., de Bont, C. J. P. M., Cockbill, S., & Zhou, Q. (2023). A Review of Service Design Pedagogy to Identify Potential Added Value to Product Innovation in Higher Education. Sustainability, 15(21), 15530. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115530
Frederiksen, T. B., P. P. Pieroni, M., Pigosso, D. C. A., & McAloone, T. C. (2021). Strategic Development of Product-Service Systems (PSS) through Archetype Assessment. Sustainability, 13(5), 2592. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052592
Gaiardelli, P., Pezzotta, G., Rondini, A., Romero, D., Jarrahi, F., Bertoni, M., Wiesner, S., Wuest, T., Larsson, T., Zaki, M., Jussen, P., Boucher, X., Bigdeli, A. Z., & Cavalieri, S. (2021). Product-service systems evolution in the era of Industry 4.0. Service Business, 15(1), 177–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-021-00438-9
Haber, N., & Fargnoli, M. (2021). Sustainable Product-Service Systems Customization: A Case Study Research in the Medical Equipment Sector. Sustainability, 13(12), 6624. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126624
Jegstad, K. M., Heggernes, S. L., Jøsok, E., Ryen, E., Svanes, I. K., & Tørnby, H. (2025). Approaches to critical thinking in primary education classrooms: A systematic review. Educational Research Review, 48, 100711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2025.100711
Kolling, C., de Medeiros, J. F., Duarte Ribeiro, J. L., & Morea, D. (2022). A conceptual model to support sustainable Product-Service System implementation in the Brazilian agricultural machinery industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 355, 131733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131733
Marques, P., Cunha, P. F., Valente, F., & Leitão, A. (2013). A Methodology for Product-service Systems Development. Procedia CIRP, 7, 371–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2013.06.001
Mayub, A., & Wardana, R. W. (2021). Desain dan Implementasi Program E-Learning Berbasiskan ICT. PENDIPA Journal of Science Education, 6(1), 256–262. https://doi.org/10.33369/pendipa.6.1.256-262
McCarthy, A. M., Maor, D., McConney, A., & Cavanaugh, C. (2023). Digital transformation in education: Critical components for leaders of system change. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 8(1), 100479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100479
McCoy, L., & Chi, T. (2022). Collaborative Consumption: A Study of Sustainability Presentation in Fashion Rental Platforms. Sustainability, 14(14), 8537. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148537
Mont, O. K. (2002). Clarifying the concept of product–service system. Journal of Cleaner Production, 10(3), 237–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-6526(01)00039-7
Mourtzis, D., Angelopoulos, J., & Panopoulos, N. (2023). Metaverse and Blockchain in Education for collaborative Product-Service System (PSS) Design towards University 5.0. Procedia CIRP, 119, 456–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2023.01.008
Nyvall, M., Zobel, T., & Mark?Herbert, C. (2023). Use?oriented business model. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 30(3), 1314–1324. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2421
Oranga, J., & Matere, A. (2023). Qualitative Research: Essence, Types and Advantages. OALib, 10(12), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1111001
Pyo, J., Lee, W., Choi, E. Y., Jang, S. G., & Ock, M. (2023). Qualitative Research in Healthcare: Necessity and Characteristics. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, 56(1), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.451
Raesi, S., Paloma, C., & Yusmarni. (2024). The Impact of Product Quality on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty toward Hydroponic Vegetables in Padang City: Gender as Moderation Variable. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1323(1), 012012. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1323/1/012012
Saccani, N., Adrodegari, F., & Scalvini, L. (2024). Aligning product-service systems with environmental sustainability: Investigating the key role of revenue and pricing mechanisms. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 209, 107792. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107792
Sarasini, S., Bocken, N., Diener, D., Velter, M., & Whalen, K. (2024). Reviewing the climatic impacts of product service systems: Implications for research and practice. Journal of Cleaner Production, 452, 142119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142119
Suharina, S., Ahyani, N., & Mulyadi, M. (2022). The Influence of Principal’s Leadership and Work Motivation on Teacher’s Performance. Journal of Social Work and Science Education, 3(3), 258–268. https://doi.org/10.52690/jswse.v3i3.326
Syifa Salsabila Mahmuddah, & Junaidi. (2025). The Role of Character Education in Elementary Schools in the Digital Era. Indonesian Values and Character Education Journal, 8(1), 84–100. https://doi.org/10.23887/ivcej.v8i1.90396
Tunn, V. S. C., van den Hende, E. A., Bocken, N. M. P., & Schoormans, J. P. L. (2020). Digitalised product-service systems: Effects on consumers’ attitudes and experiences. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 162, 105045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105045
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