The effect of training, development, and job satisfaction on employee performance with the mediating variable of competency (study at pt.wom finance)
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Published:
Aug 30, 2026
Keywords:
Competence, Development, Employee Performance, Job satisfaction, Training
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Economy
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Abstract
This study aims to examine the effects of training, development, and job satisfaction on employee performance, with competence serving as a mediating variable. Employee performance is a critical factor in achieving organizational goals; therefore, efforts to enhance competence through training and development programs, as well as improving job satisfaction, are essential. This study employed a quantitative approach using a survey method involving employees as respondents. In this study, the population used is all Head Office employees at WOM Finance. The number of indicators used in this study is 15, resulting in a sample size of 15 x 7 = 105 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that training and development have a positive and significant effect on both competence and employee performance. Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on competence but does not have a significant direct effect on employee performance. Furthermore, competence has a positive and significant effect on employee performance and is proven to mediate the relationships between training, development, job satisfaction, and employee performance. These findings suggest that improving employee performance can be achieved more effectively through strengthening employee competence, supported by training, development, and job satisfaction initiatives. Therefore, organizations should optimize competency development programs as a strategic approach to enhancing employee performance. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference and basis for consideration for companies in understanding the vital roles that training, development, job satisfaction, and competence play in enhancing performance, thereby enabling the formulation of more effective human resource management strategies.
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Ivana, I. and Purnama, E. D. (2026) “The effect of training, development, and job satisfaction on employee performance with the mediating variable of competency (study at pt.wom finance)”, Jurnal Mantik, 10(2), pp. 584-591. doi: 10.35335/mantik.v10i2.7355.
References
Armstrong, M. 2017. Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. 14th ed. London: Kogan Page Publishers.
Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S., 2020. Armstrong's Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. London: Kogan Page Publishers.
Astarina, I., Fitrio, T., Hapsila, A., Supriyadi, A., & Cahyono, D. 2022. "The role of training in mediating the effect of competence, compensation on employee performance", Economia Journal, 18(1), 132–147. https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v18i1.42881.
Carvalho, A. da C., Riana, I. G., & Soares, A. de C. 2020. "Motivation on job satisfaction and employee performance". International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 7(5), 13–23. https://doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v7n5.960
Dessler, G. (2020). Human Resource Management (15th ed.). Pearson.
Fonna, E.R., & Kiki Farida Ferine. 2023. "The Influence of Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance with Competence as an Intervening Variable for BPJS Employment Employees in Aceh Province". Sinomika Journal: Scientific Publications in the Field of Economics and Accounting, 2(3), 123–134. https://doi.org/10.54443/sinomika.v2i3.1512.
Fransiska, F., & Ferine, K. F. (2023). The influence of job satisfaction on employee performance with competency as a mediating variable at BPJS Employment Branch Medan Raya. International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting (IJEMA), 1(4), 249–260. https://doi.org/10.47353/ijema.v1i4.55
Garger, R. (1999). "Employee Satisfaction and Organizational Support: A Conceptual Perspective". Unpublished Manuscript/Study Concept.
Gibson, J. L., Ivancevich, J. M., Donnelly, J. H., & Konopaske, R. (2012). Organizations: Behavior, Structure, Processes. McGraw-Hill.
Hair, J. F., Henseler, J., Dijkstra, T. K., & Sarstedt, M. 2014. “Common beliefs and reality about partial least squares: comments on Rönkkö and Evermann.” https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1094428114526928.
Hamid, M. N., Alexandri, M. B., & Purnomo, M. 2024. The effect of job training on employee performance with employee competence as a mediating variable in the production department of a mining company in Indonesia. J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains), 9(2), 1222–1234. https://doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v9i2.1920.
Hosen, Sharif, Siti Raba’ah Hamzah, Ismi Arif Ismail, Siti Noormi Alias, Mohd Faiq Abd Aziz, & Md Mizanur Rahman, 2023. “Training & development, career development, and organizational commitment as the predictor of work performance,” Heliyon, 10(1), e23903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23903.
Irawan, S.Pd., M.M., 2024. Sustainable Human Resource Development (Strategies to Improve Skills and Competencies in Organizations). EUREKA Media Aksara, Purbalingga.
Ismail, A. A., Corrada Bravo, H., & Feizi, S. 2021. "Improving deep learning interpretability by saliency guided training. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems", 34, 26726–26739
Ismaya, I. G. A. P., Sara, I. M., & Indiani, N. L. P. (2025). The mediating role of job satisfaction in the influence of training and career development on employee performance: A study at PT Jasa Raharja, Bali. International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Science, 6(5), 974–991. https://doi.org/10.38142/ijesss.v6i5.1481
Karim, M. M., Choudhury, M. M., & Latif, W. Bin. 2019. “The impact of training and development on employees’ performance: An analysis of quantitative data.” Noble International Journal of Business and Management Research, 3(2), 25–33.
Khair, H. 2019. The influence of leadership and compensation on job satisfaction through work motivation. Maneggio: Scientific Journal of Master of Management, 2(1), 69–88.
Kirkpatrick, D. L., & Kirkpatrick, J.D. 2006. Evaluating Training Programs: The Four Levels. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Locke, E. A. 1976. The nature and causes of job satisfaction. In M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 1297–1349). Chicago: Rand McNally.
Mangkunegara, A.P. 2017. Corporate Human Resource Management. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Marliya, Richa Afriana, Munthe, Susandri. 2025. The Mediating Role of Training in Employee Competence and Performance at the Bengkalis Regency Trade and Industry Office. New Economy: Journal of Economics, Management, Accounting, Business, and Development, 1(1), 41–54.
Nabila, V., & Budiono. (2025). The Influence of Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance Through Work Engagement in Employees. Journal of Management Science (JIM), 13(1), 242–254. Journal of Management Science (JIM) Article
Noe, Raymond A., 2017. Employee Training and Development, 7th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Education
Pangestika, Putri, Ilzar Daud, Juniwati, Rizky Fauzan, & Ana Fitriana, 2023. “The Effect of Training and Development on Improving Performance with Competence as a Mediating Variable,” Enrichment: Journal of Management, 13(5), pp. 3052–3065. https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v13i5.1743.
Pratama, F. P., & Rini, H. P. (2025). The mediating role of job satisfaction in the influence of competence on employee performance. Permana: Journal of Taxation, Management, and Accounting, 17(3), 1039–1052. https://doi.org/10.24905/permana.v17i3.1058.
Purwantiningsih, S., & Noerman, T. 2024. “The influence of training and development on employee work productivity through competence as an intervening variable (study of Bank BNI employees at RM level DKI Jakarta).” East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (EAJMR), 3(5), 1955–1966. https://doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v3i5.9096
Qalby, L., & Rosnani, T. 2023. “The Effect of Organizational Justice and Competence on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable. MBIC-Journal Conference”, 1(6), 788–803.
Rahman, W., & Nas, Z., 2013. “Employee Development and Turnover Intention: Theory Validation”. European Journal of Training and Development, 37(6), pp. 564–579.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational Behavior (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
Sanjaya, M., & Indrawati, L. 2023. “The Influence of Job Satisfaction, Work Motivation, and Employee Commitment on Employee Performance”. Research in Management and Accounting (RIMA), 6(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.33508/rima.v6i1.4538.
Simamora, Henry. 2006. Human Resource Management. Yogyakarta: STIE YKPN.
Soenaryo, D., 2014. Human Resource Management: Theory and Application.
Spencer, L.M., & Spencer, S.M. (1993). Competence at work: Models for superior performance. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Stofkova, Z., & Sukalova, V. 2020. “Sustainable development of human resources in the globalization period.” Sustainability, 12(18), 7681.
Sugiyono. 2019. Quantitative, Qualitative, and R&D Research Methods. CV. Alfabeta. Bandung.
Suprayitno, Lamidi, & Qomariah. "The impact of job satisfaction on employee performance through organizational commitment as intervening variable: A survey on employees of Mitra Swalayan Kartasura". 2021. Research, Society and Development (RSD), 10(6), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15738
Swasto, B. (2011). Human Resource Management. Malang: Brawijaya University Press.
Wagner, S., 2000. “Retention: Finders, Keepers, Training & Development”, 54(8), pp.64
Wanto, D. G., & Kusumatuti, R. 2023. "Analysis of training, competency, and organizational culture on personnel performance with the mediation of affective commitment", International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR), 7(2). https://doi.org/10.29040/ijebar.v7i2.9073.
Werther, W. B., & Davis, K., 1996. Human Resources and Personnel Management, 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Wibowo. 2019. Performance Management. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.
Widodo. (2015). Human resource development management. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Wiyata, M. T., & Ayustiana, A. 2020. The effect of training and development on employee performance at PT. PAI Sukabumi (JX). Syntax Literate: Indonesian Scientific Journal, 5(3), 90–99. https://doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v5i3.979.
Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S., 2020. Armstrong's Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. London: Kogan Page Publishers.
Astarina, I., Fitrio, T., Hapsila, A., Supriyadi, A., & Cahyono, D. 2022. "The role of training in mediating the effect of competence, compensation on employee performance", Economia Journal, 18(1), 132–147. https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v18i1.42881.
Carvalho, A. da C., Riana, I. G., & Soares, A. de C. 2020. "Motivation on job satisfaction and employee performance". International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 7(5), 13–23. https://doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v7n5.960
Dessler, G. (2020). Human Resource Management (15th ed.). Pearson.
Fonna, E.R., & Kiki Farida Ferine. 2023. "The Influence of Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance with Competence as an Intervening Variable for BPJS Employment Employees in Aceh Province". Sinomika Journal: Scientific Publications in the Field of Economics and Accounting, 2(3), 123–134. https://doi.org/10.54443/sinomika.v2i3.1512.
Fransiska, F., & Ferine, K. F. (2023). The influence of job satisfaction on employee performance with competency as a mediating variable at BPJS Employment Branch Medan Raya. International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting (IJEMA), 1(4), 249–260. https://doi.org/10.47353/ijema.v1i4.55
Garger, R. (1999). "Employee Satisfaction and Organizational Support: A Conceptual Perspective". Unpublished Manuscript/Study Concept.
Gibson, J. L., Ivancevich, J. M., Donnelly, J. H., & Konopaske, R. (2012). Organizations: Behavior, Structure, Processes. McGraw-Hill.
Hair, J. F., Henseler, J., Dijkstra, T. K., & Sarstedt, M. 2014. “Common beliefs and reality about partial least squares: comments on Rönkkö and Evermann.” https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1094428114526928.
Hamid, M. N., Alexandri, M. B., & Purnomo, M. 2024. The effect of job training on employee performance with employee competence as a mediating variable in the production department of a mining company in Indonesia. J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains), 9(2), 1222–1234. https://doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v9i2.1920.
Hosen, Sharif, Siti Raba’ah Hamzah, Ismi Arif Ismail, Siti Noormi Alias, Mohd Faiq Abd Aziz, & Md Mizanur Rahman, 2023. “Training & development, career development, and organizational commitment as the predictor of work performance,” Heliyon, 10(1), e23903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23903.
Irawan, S.Pd., M.M., 2024. Sustainable Human Resource Development (Strategies to Improve Skills and Competencies in Organizations). EUREKA Media Aksara, Purbalingga.
Ismail, A. A., Corrada Bravo, H., & Feizi, S. 2021. "Improving deep learning interpretability by saliency guided training. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems", 34, 26726–26739
Ismaya, I. G. A. P., Sara, I. M., & Indiani, N. L. P. (2025). The mediating role of job satisfaction in the influence of training and career development on employee performance: A study at PT Jasa Raharja, Bali. International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Science, 6(5), 974–991. https://doi.org/10.38142/ijesss.v6i5.1481
Karim, M. M., Choudhury, M. M., & Latif, W. Bin. 2019. “The impact of training and development on employees’ performance: An analysis of quantitative data.” Noble International Journal of Business and Management Research, 3(2), 25–33.
Khair, H. 2019. The influence of leadership and compensation on job satisfaction through work motivation. Maneggio: Scientific Journal of Master of Management, 2(1), 69–88.
Kirkpatrick, D. L., & Kirkpatrick, J.D. 2006. Evaluating Training Programs: The Four Levels. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Locke, E. A. 1976. The nature and causes of job satisfaction. In M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 1297–1349). Chicago: Rand McNally.
Mangkunegara, A.P. 2017. Corporate Human Resource Management. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Marliya, Richa Afriana, Munthe, Susandri. 2025. The Mediating Role of Training in Employee Competence and Performance at the Bengkalis Regency Trade and Industry Office. New Economy: Journal of Economics, Management, Accounting, Business, and Development, 1(1), 41–54.
Nabila, V., & Budiono. (2025). The Influence of Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance Through Work Engagement in Employees. Journal of Management Science (JIM), 13(1), 242–254. Journal of Management Science (JIM) Article
Noe, Raymond A., 2017. Employee Training and Development, 7th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Education
Pangestika, Putri, Ilzar Daud, Juniwati, Rizky Fauzan, & Ana Fitriana, 2023. “The Effect of Training and Development on Improving Performance with Competence as a Mediating Variable,” Enrichment: Journal of Management, 13(5), pp. 3052–3065. https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v13i5.1743.
Pratama, F. P., & Rini, H. P. (2025). The mediating role of job satisfaction in the influence of competence on employee performance. Permana: Journal of Taxation, Management, and Accounting, 17(3), 1039–1052. https://doi.org/10.24905/permana.v17i3.1058.
Purwantiningsih, S., & Noerman, T. 2024. “The influence of training and development on employee work productivity through competence as an intervening variable (study of Bank BNI employees at RM level DKI Jakarta).” East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (EAJMR), 3(5), 1955–1966. https://doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v3i5.9096
Qalby, L., & Rosnani, T. 2023. “The Effect of Organizational Justice and Competence on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable. MBIC-Journal Conference”, 1(6), 788–803.
Rahman, W., & Nas, Z., 2013. “Employee Development and Turnover Intention: Theory Validation”. European Journal of Training and Development, 37(6), pp. 564–579.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational Behavior (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
Sanjaya, M., & Indrawati, L. 2023. “The Influence of Job Satisfaction, Work Motivation, and Employee Commitment on Employee Performance”. Research in Management and Accounting (RIMA), 6(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.33508/rima.v6i1.4538.
Simamora, Henry. 2006. Human Resource Management. Yogyakarta: STIE YKPN.
Soenaryo, D., 2014. Human Resource Management: Theory and Application.
Spencer, L.M., & Spencer, S.M. (1993). Competence at work: Models for superior performance. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Stofkova, Z., & Sukalova, V. 2020. “Sustainable development of human resources in the globalization period.” Sustainability, 12(18), 7681.
Sugiyono. 2019. Quantitative, Qualitative, and R&D Research Methods. CV. Alfabeta. Bandung.
Suprayitno, Lamidi, & Qomariah. "The impact of job satisfaction on employee performance through organizational commitment as intervening variable: A survey on employees of Mitra Swalayan Kartasura". 2021. Research, Society and Development (RSD), 10(6), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15738
Swasto, B. (2011). Human Resource Management. Malang: Brawijaya University Press.
Wagner, S., 2000. “Retention: Finders, Keepers, Training & Development”, 54(8), pp.64
Wanto, D. G., & Kusumatuti, R. 2023. "Analysis of training, competency, and organizational culture on personnel performance with the mediation of affective commitment", International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR), 7(2). https://doi.org/10.29040/ijebar.v7i2.9073.
Werther, W. B., & Davis, K., 1996. Human Resources and Personnel Management, 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Wibowo. 2019. Performance Management. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.
Widodo. (2015). Human resource development management. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Wiyata, M. T., & Ayustiana, A. 2020. The effect of training and development on employee performance at PT. PAI Sukabumi (JX). Syntax Literate: Indonesian Scientific Journal, 5(3), 90–99. https://doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v5i3.979.
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