The Influence of Good Corporate Governance, Firm Size, and Capital Structure on Financial Performance in PT pertamina Patra Niaga
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May 30, 2025
Keywords:
Good Corporate Governance, Firm Size, Capital Structure, Financial Performance, Property Companies
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Economy
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Abstract
This study investigates the influence of Good Corporate Governance (GCG), firm size, and capital structure on the financial performance of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga. As a vital player in Indonesia’s energy sector, understanding the determinants of financial performance in this state-owned enterprise is critical for policy formulation and strategic planning. Employing a quantitative research method with secondary data from financial reports spanning 2020-2025, the analysis applies multiple linear regression to examine the relationships among variables. The findings reveal that GCG has a significant and positive impact on financial performance, supporting agency theory which emphasizes the role of governance in aligning interests between management and stakeholders. Firm size also demonstrates a significant influence, suggesting that larger firms benefit from economies of scale and greater market access. Moreover, capital structure exhibits a notable effect, indicating the importance of optimal debt-equity balance in enhancing profitability. These results provide valuable insights for corporate managers, regulators, and investors in strengthening governance mechanisms and financial strategies to boost organizational performance in the energy sector.
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Assyaroful Akbar, Z. R. . and Rangkuti, M. I. . (2025) “The Influence of Good Corporate Governance, Firm Size, and Capital Structure on Financial Performance in PT pertamina Patra Niaga”, Jurnal Mantik, 9(1), pp. 346-335. doi: 10.35335/mantik.v8i5.6366.
References
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Kalsum, E. U. (2024). The Influence of Leadership and Loyalty on Employee Performance PT. Pertamina Patra Niaga. In Accounting and Business Journal (Vol. 6, Issue 1, p. 65). Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi. https://doi.org/10.54248/abj.v6i1.4778
Marsyanda, E., & Rozaq, K. (2024). Pengaruh work life balance dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui komitmen Afektif sebagai variabel intervening. In Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen (pp. 607–621). Universitas Negeri Surabaya. https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v12n3.p607-621
Mashudah, K., & Ubaidillah, H. (2024). Pengaruh Pemberian Punishment, Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis dan Kompensasi terhadap Motivasi Kerja Karyawan Melalui Disiplin Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening pada PT. East Java Match. In Innovative Technologica: Methodical Research Journal (Vol. 1, Issue 4, p. 13). Indonesian Journal Publisher. https://doi.org/10.47134/innovative.v1i4.47
Mayasari, F., Budiyanto, & Asyik, N. F. (2024). The Impact of Capital Structure, Company Size, and Good Corporate Governance on Financial Performance and Company Value. In International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) (Vol. 13, Issue 4, pp. 38–47). Center for Strategic Studies in Business and Finance SSBFNET. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v13i4.3757
Nurazi, R., Zoraya, I., & Wiardi, A. H. (2020). The Influence of Good Corporate Governance and Capital Structure on Firm Value: The Mediation Role of Financial Performance. In Media Ekonomi dan Manajemen (Vol. 35, Issue 2, p. 230). UNTAG Semarang. https://doi.org/10.24856/mem.v35i2.1554
Prasadi, O., Kurniawan, H., Saputra, R. R., Lestari, S. P., & Gunawan, A. (2023). Impact Performance Measurement Using the SROI Method (Social Return on Investment) in the Jagapati Mangrove Conservation Program (SIMANJA) PT. Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Terminal Cilacap, Indonesia. In JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, FINANCE AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES (Vol. 6). Everant Journals. https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v6-i9-51
Prayuanto, R. F., & Sriyono, S. (2024). Increasing Employee Performance through Organizational Culture and Knowledge Sharing with PT Employees. Pertamina Patra Niaga. Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo. https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.5964
Putra, A. B., Nasrul, N., & Lanongbuka, S. V. (2023a). Factors that Influence Consumers in Buying Processed Skipjack Products of the Moengko Marine Light Business. In INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS (Vol. 6). Everant Journals. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i8-58
Putra, A. B., Nasrul, N., & Lanongbuka, S. V. (2023b). Maleo Conservation Development by Local Communities: A Case Study of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Poso’s CSR Program in Sumara Jaya Village. In INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS (Vol. 6). Everant Journals. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i8-70
Rasyidi, G., Silalahi, A., & Rodhianto, I. (2024). Coastal Ecosystem Changes: Analysis of Snail Population after Mangrove Planting in the First Year. In INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS (Vol. 7). Everant Journals. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v7-i08-23
Sari, E. D., Prayekti, P., & Kurniawan, I. S. (2022). Pengaruh kompensasi dan, kepuasan kerja terhadap keterlibatan kerja karyawan dengan variabel motivasi intrinsik sebagai variabel intervening. In INOVASI (Vol. 18, Issue 1, pp. 76–84). Universitas Mulawarman. https://doi.org/10.30872/jinv.v18i1.10450
Souisa, G. V., Laurencia, L., & Azizah, V. N. (2022). Optimization of Bumi Lestari Maluku Waste Bank through the CSR Program of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga DPPU Pattimura. In Mattawang: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (Vol. 3, Issue 2, pp. 201–208). Yayasan Ahmar Cendekia Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.mattawang1003
Suhada, F. (2025). Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Produk Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan pada Produk Komik PT Elex Media Komputindo (Studi Kasus Pada Komunitas Kolektor Komik Indonesia). In Jurnal Digital Bisnis, Modal Manusia, Marketing, Entrepreneurship, Finance, & Strategi Bisnis (DImmensi) (Vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 18–24). Universitas Sangga Buana YPKP. https://doi.org/10.32897/dimmensi.v5i1.4081
Syafitri, S., Putra, W. E., & Jumaili, S. (2024). The Effect of Good Corporate Governance and Capital Structure on Firm Value with Financial Performance as an Intervening Variabel. In East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (Vol. 3, Issue 8). PT Formosa Cendekia Global. https://doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v3i8.10430
Walkomaroh, M., Ruhiyat, E., & . S. (2025). Good Corporate Governance Moderates Green Intellectual Capital, Firm Performance and Enterprise Risk Management with Sustainability Performance. In Journal of Economics, Finance And Management Studies (Issue 5). Everant Journals. https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v8-i5-02
Wijaya, L. I., Welson, & Murhadi, W. R. (2020). Ownership Structure, Good Corporate Governance, and Firm Performance in the Indonesian Capital Market. In Proceedings of the 17 th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2020). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200127.052
Alfiyansyah, A. A. (2024). Peran Corporate Social Responsibility PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Boyolali dalam Pemberdayaan Keluarga Nelayan Waduk Kedung Omboh. In Biokultur (Vol. 12, Issue 2, pp. 95–104). Universitas Airlangga. https://doi.org/10.20473/bk.v12i2.49323
Bangun Nurainun, F. S. S. (2021). Pengaruh Capital Structure, Firm Performance Dan Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Earnings Management. In Jurnal Paradigma Akuntansi (Vol. 3, Issue 4, p. 1488). Universitas Tarumanagara. https://doi.org/10.24912/jpa.v3i4.14965
Dewi, N. A., & Widodo, H. (2024). The Effect of Intellectual Capital, Capital Structure and Firm Size on Firm Value With Good Corporate Governance as a Moderating Variable (Study Cosmetics Subsector Manufracturing Company Listed on the IDX in 2017-2022). Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo. https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.4238
Dihan, F. N., & Saputra, M. S. A. (2023). Pengaruh Desain Pekerjaan dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Kepuasan Kerja sebagai Variabel Intervening. In Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis (Vol. 20, Issue 1, pp. 390–402). Universitas Islam Indonesia (Islamic University of Indonesia). https://doi.org/10.20885/jabis.vol20.iss1.art8
Fariska, D., Kirana, K. C., & Subiyanto, D. (2022). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi Terhadap Efektivitas Kerja Dengan Disiplin Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening. In Coopetition?: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen (Vol. 13, Issue 1, pp. 79–88). Institut Manajemen Koperasi Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.32670/coopetition.v13i1.1200
Fatin, C. C., & Yanuar, Y. (2025). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Motivasi Kerja, dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Kepuasan Kerja. In Jurnal Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan (Vol. 7, Issue 1, pp. 53–63). Universitas Tarumanagara. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmk.v7i1.32965
Fitriani, F., Siswoyo, S. T., & Arifin, D. N. (2023). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Masa Kerja Sebagai Variabel Moderating Studi Kasus Pada Dosen Dan Karyawan Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro. In Jurnal Manajemen DIVERSIFIKASI (Vol. 3, Issue 4, pp. 779–787). Muhammadiyah Metro University. https://doi.org/10.24127/diversifikasi.v3i4.2595
Fredriksz, G., & Fredriksz, S. (2023). Motivasi Kerja sebagai Variabel Intervening antara Budaya Organisasi dan Gaya Kepemimpinan terhadap Kepuasan Kerja. In PUBLIC POLICY (Jurnal Aplikasi Kebijakan Publik & Bisnis) (Vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 137–153). Lembaga Layanan Perguruan Tinggi (LLDikti) Wilayah XII. https://doi.org/10.51135/publicpolicy.v5.i1.p137-153
Gautam, P. K., Silwal, P. P., & Joshi, P. R. (2025). Predicting capital structure decisions through firm performance, firm size, and corporate governance. In Investment Management and Financial Innovations (Vol. 22, Issue 1, pp. 160–172). LLC CPC Business Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.22(1).2025.13
Hardana, A. H., Hasibuan, L., & Hasibuan, S. E. (2023). Tax Aggressiveness, Capital Structure, Corporate Governance Dan Firm Performance. In International Journal of Economic Research and Financial Accounting (IJERFA) (Vol. 1, Issue 2). CV. Afdifal Maju Berkah. https://doi.org/10.55227/ijerfa.v1i2.28
Haryati, E., Lutviani, M., Husna, A., & Sulaiman, F. (2022). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Lingkungan Kerja, Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT Mega Trans Medan. In Ekonomi, Keuangan, Investasi dan Syariah (EKUITAS) (Vol. 3, Issue 4, pp. 809–812). Forum Kerjasama Pendidikan Tinggi (FKPT). https://doi.org/10.47065/ekuitas.v3i4.1589
Haslia, H., Hajar, I., Masri, M., & Rommy, N. (2021). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Melalui Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Pada Badan Kepegawaian Dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Kabupaten Kolaka Timur). In Jurnal Manajemen, Bisnis dan Organisasi (JUMBO) (Vol. 5, Issue 3, p. 663). Universitas Halu Oleo. https://doi.org/10.33772/jumbo.v5i3.21154
Kalsum, E. U. (2024). The Influence of Leadership and Loyalty on Employee Performance PT. Pertamina Patra Niaga. In Accounting and Business Journal (Vol. 6, Issue 1, p. 65). Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi. https://doi.org/10.54248/abj.v6i1.4778
Marsyanda, E., & Rozaq, K. (2024). Pengaruh work life balance dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui komitmen Afektif sebagai variabel intervening. In Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen (pp. 607–621). Universitas Negeri Surabaya. https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v12n3.p607-621
Mashudah, K., & Ubaidillah, H. (2024). Pengaruh Pemberian Punishment, Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis dan Kompensasi terhadap Motivasi Kerja Karyawan Melalui Disiplin Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening pada PT. East Java Match. In Innovative Technologica: Methodical Research Journal (Vol. 1, Issue 4, p. 13). Indonesian Journal Publisher. https://doi.org/10.47134/innovative.v1i4.47
Mayasari, F., Budiyanto, & Asyik, N. F. (2024). The Impact of Capital Structure, Company Size, and Good Corporate Governance on Financial Performance and Company Value. In International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) (Vol. 13, Issue 4, pp. 38–47). Center for Strategic Studies in Business and Finance SSBFNET. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v13i4.3757
Nurazi, R., Zoraya, I., & Wiardi, A. H. (2020). The Influence of Good Corporate Governance and Capital Structure on Firm Value: The Mediation Role of Financial Performance. In Media Ekonomi dan Manajemen (Vol. 35, Issue 2, p. 230). UNTAG Semarang. https://doi.org/10.24856/mem.v35i2.1554
Prasadi, O., Kurniawan, H., Saputra, R. R., Lestari, S. P., & Gunawan, A. (2023). Impact Performance Measurement Using the SROI Method (Social Return on Investment) in the Jagapati Mangrove Conservation Program (SIMANJA) PT. Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Terminal Cilacap, Indonesia. In JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, FINANCE AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES (Vol. 6). Everant Journals. https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v6-i9-51
Prayuanto, R. F., & Sriyono, S. (2024). Increasing Employee Performance through Organizational Culture and Knowledge Sharing with PT Employees. Pertamina Patra Niaga. Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo. https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.5964
Putra, A. B., Nasrul, N., & Lanongbuka, S. V. (2023a). Factors that Influence Consumers in Buying Processed Skipjack Products of the Moengko Marine Light Business. In INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS (Vol. 6). Everant Journals. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i8-58
Putra, A. B., Nasrul, N., & Lanongbuka, S. V. (2023b). Maleo Conservation Development by Local Communities: A Case Study of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Poso’s CSR Program in Sumara Jaya Village. In INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS (Vol. 6). Everant Journals. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i8-70
Rasyidi, G., Silalahi, A., & Rodhianto, I. (2024). Coastal Ecosystem Changes: Analysis of Snail Population after Mangrove Planting in the First Year. In INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS (Vol. 7). Everant Journals. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v7-i08-23
Sari, E. D., Prayekti, P., & Kurniawan, I. S. (2022). Pengaruh kompensasi dan, kepuasan kerja terhadap keterlibatan kerja karyawan dengan variabel motivasi intrinsik sebagai variabel intervening. In INOVASI (Vol. 18, Issue 1, pp. 76–84). Universitas Mulawarman. https://doi.org/10.30872/jinv.v18i1.10450
Souisa, G. V., Laurencia, L., & Azizah, V. N. (2022). Optimization of Bumi Lestari Maluku Waste Bank through the CSR Program of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga DPPU Pattimura. In Mattawang: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (Vol. 3, Issue 2, pp. 201–208). Yayasan Ahmar Cendekia Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.mattawang1003
Suhada, F. (2025). Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Produk Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan pada Produk Komik PT Elex Media Komputindo (Studi Kasus Pada Komunitas Kolektor Komik Indonesia). In Jurnal Digital Bisnis, Modal Manusia, Marketing, Entrepreneurship, Finance, & Strategi Bisnis (DImmensi) (Vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 18–24). Universitas Sangga Buana YPKP. https://doi.org/10.32897/dimmensi.v5i1.4081
Syafitri, S., Putra, W. E., & Jumaili, S. (2024). The Effect of Good Corporate Governance and Capital Structure on Firm Value with Financial Performance as an Intervening Variabel. In East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (Vol. 3, Issue 8). PT Formosa Cendekia Global. https://doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v3i8.10430
Walkomaroh, M., Ruhiyat, E., & . S. (2025). Good Corporate Governance Moderates Green Intellectual Capital, Firm Performance and Enterprise Risk Management with Sustainability Performance. In Journal of Economics, Finance And Management Studies (Issue 5). Everant Journals. https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v8-i5-02
Wijaya, L. I., Welson, & Murhadi, W. R. (2020). Ownership Structure, Good Corporate Governance, and Firm Performance in the Indonesian Capital Market. In Proceedings of the 17 th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2020). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200127.052
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