The X-factors behind Gen Z employee performance: A systematic review
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Published:
Aug 30, 2023
Keywords:
Employee Motivations, Employee Performance, Generation Z, Job Satisfaction, Leadership, Organizational Culture
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Abstract
As significant numbers of Gen Z entering and becoming the majority of the workforce, understanding their unique characteristics, preferences, and motivations is crucial for organizations to effectively manage and engage this generations. This qualitative article delves into the factors affecting Generation Z (Gen Z) employees' performance at work. Despite the existence of well-established research in factors influencing employee performance, there is a notable dearth of a comprehensive review that explores this topic particularly within the context of Gen Z employees. To bridge this theoretical gap, a systematic literature review was undertaken, meticulously gathering pertinent data from scientific articles spanning the period between 2013 and 2022. Utilizing keywords such as motivation, work motivation, job satisfaction, work environment, employee performance, and generation-z, a sistematic process was employed to identify and collect scholarly literature. Following a thorough selection and screening procedure, a refined set of 20 journal articles was meticulously included in the review. The discerned findings underscore the utmost significance of job satisfaction, motivation, leadership team and organizational culture as critical determinants of the performance levels exhibited by Z-generation employees
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How to Cite
Rampen, D. C. ., Pangemanan, A. S. and Mandagi, D. W. (2023) “The X-factors behind Gen Z employee performance: A systematic review ”, Jurnal Mantik, 7(2), pp. 668-680. doi: 10.35335/mantik.v7i2.3919.
References
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Barhate, B. and Dirani, K.M. (2022), Career aspirations of generation z: A systematic literature review, European Journal of Training and Development, 46 (1/2), 139-157. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-07-2020-0124
Belias, D., Koustelios, A., Sdrolias, L., and Aspridis, G. (2015). Job satisfaction, role
conflict and autonomy of employees in the greek banking organization.
Procedia-social and Behavioral Sciences, 175, 324-333.
Chandrawaty, C., & Widodo, W. (2020). The mediation mechanism effect of self-efficacy and achievement motivation on job satisfaction: The personality perspective, Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, 12, 258-266.
Carvalho, A. da C., Riana, I. G., & Soares, A. de C. (2020). Motivation on job satisfaction and employee performance. International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 7(5), 13-23. https://doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v7n5.960
Desa, N.M., Khoon, T.L., Hasmi, M., & Asaari, A.H. (2018). Work stress toward work
environment, management support, and employee satisfaction among
employees of public organizations. International Journal of Asian Social
Science, 8 (1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.1.2018.81.1.11
Dessler, G. (2018). Human Resource Management (16th ed.). Pearson
Doris, O.U., Tolulope, O., & Mayedun, O. (2016). Role clarity, self concept and job
satisfaction of library personnel in selected university libraries in ogun state,
nigeria. Journal of applied information science and technology, 9 (2), 9-
16.
Goh, E., & Okumus, F. (2020). Avoiding the hospitality workforce bubble: Strategies to attract and retain generation Z talent in the hospitality workforce. Tourism Management Perspectives, 33, 100603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2019.100603
Hasibuan, Malayu. 2017. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Remaja Rosida Karya
Hirarto A.A, Sartika M (2021). Factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan perbankan: studi pada pt. bank rakyat Indonesia (persero) cabang batang, Jurnal of Sharia Finance and Banking, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.28918/velocity.v1i1.3643
Ihsani, N., & Wijayanto, A. (2020). The effect of organizational culture, motivation, and job satisfaction on employee performance. Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management, 1(4), 492-502.
Kainde, S. J., & Mandagi, D. W. (2023). From likes to loyalty: the interplay of social media marketing in shaping education institution brand attitude and loyalty. Jurnal Ekonomi, 12(02), 465-475.
Mandagi, D. W., & Aseng, A. C. (2021). Millennials and Gen Z's Perception of Social Media Marketing Effectiveness on the Festival's Branding: The Mediating Effect of Brand Gestalt. Asia-Pacific Social Science Review, 21(3). 102-121
Meier, J., S.F. Austin & M. Crocker. (2010). Generation y in the workforce: Managerial challengers, The Journal of Human Resources and Adult Learning, 6, 68-79.
Ozkan, M., & Solmaz, B. (2015). The changing face of the employees–generation Z and their perceptions of work (a study applied to university students). Procedia Economics and Finance, 26, 476-483.
Pratama, G., Elistia (2020), Analisis motivasi kerja, kepemimpinan transformasional dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan dimediasi kepuasan kerja pada angkatan kerja generasi Z, Journal of Economic. 2087-8133
Priansa, Donni Juni. 2014. Perencanaan dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia. Alfabeta
Poluan, M. S., Pasuhuk, L. S., & Mandagi, D. W. (2022). The Role of Social Media Marketing In Local Government Institution To Enhance Public Atitude And Satisfaction. Jurnal Ekonomi, 11(03), 1268-1279.
Ramadhani, S.R., Taba, M.I., Umar, F. (2020), The effect of training and job satisfaction on employee engagement and performance of millennial generation employees of pt midi utama indonesia tbk in makassar, International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5(6).
Raziq, A. & Maulabakhsh, R. (2015). Impact of working enviroment on job satisfaction.
Proceedia Economic and Finance, 23: 717-725
Rothman, J. (2014). “A Tsunami of Learner Called Generation Z”. Available online at: http://www.mdle.net/Journal/ ATsunamiofLearnerCalledGenerationZ.pdf
Shwab, K. (2016). The Fourth Industrial Revolution. New York: Crown Business.
Tanjeen, E. (2013). A study on factors affecting job satisfaction of telecommunication
industries in bangladesh. IOSR Journal of business and management, Vol. 8 (6):
80–86.
Taspcott, D. (2008). Grown Up Digital: How the Net Generation is Changing Your World. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Tranfield, D., Denyer, D., & Smart, P. (2003). Towards a methodology for developing evidence-informed management knowledge by means of systematic review. British Journal of Management, 14(3), 207–222. http://doi:10.1111/1467-8551.00375
Wheatley, D. (2017). Autonomy in paid work and employee sujective well-being.
Work and occupations, Vol 0 (0): 1-33. http://doi:10.1177/0730888417697232
Warbung, C. J. E., Wowor, M. C., Walean, R. H., & Mandagi, D. W. (2023). The impact of social media marketing on beauty clinic brand equity: the Case of Zap Manado. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(4), 8.
Waworuntu, E. C., Kainde, S. J., & Mandagi, D. W. (2022). Work-Life Balance, Job Satisfaction and Performance Among Millennial and Gen Z Employees: A Systematic Review. Society, 10(2), 384-398.
Waworuntu, E. C., Mandagi, D. W., & Pangemanan, A. S. (2022). ‘I See It, I Want It, I Buy It’: The Role of Social Media Marketing in Shaping Brand Image and Gen Z’s Intention to Purchase Local Product. Society, 10(2), 351-369.
Wowor, M. C., Mandagi, D. W., Lule, B., & Ambalao, S. S. (2022). The role of social media in employee recruitment: A systematic literature review. Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani, 2(12), 4118-4125.
Wulus, V. G., Mandagi, D. W., Lule, B., & Ambalao, S. S. (2022). Determinan efektivitas social media marketing pada insitusi pemerintah daerah. SEIKO: Journal of Management & Business, 4(3), 522-538.
Wuryaningrat, N. F., Mandagi, D. W., & Rantung, D. I. (2023). Mapalus as a Knowledge Transfer Practice to Improve Innovation Capability: Success or not Success?. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental-RGSA, 17(1), e03162-e03162.
Yaseen, A. (2013). Effect of compensation factors on employee satisfaction: a study of
doctor's dissatisfaction in punjab. International journal of human resource
Studies, Vol. 3 (1): 142-157. http://doi:10.5296/ijhrs.v3i1.3351
Babalola, S.S (2016) The effect of leadership style, job satisfaction and employee-supervisor relationship on job performance and organizational commitment, Journal of Applied Business Research. https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v32i3.9667
Barhate, B. and Dirani, K.M. (2022), Career aspirations of generation z: A systematic literature review, European Journal of Training and Development, 46 (1/2), 139-157. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-07-2020-0124
Belias, D., Koustelios, A., Sdrolias, L., and Aspridis, G. (2015). Job satisfaction, role
conflict and autonomy of employees in the greek banking organization.
Procedia-social and Behavioral Sciences, 175, 324-333.
Chandrawaty, C., & Widodo, W. (2020). The mediation mechanism effect of self-efficacy and achievement motivation on job satisfaction: The personality perspective, Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, 12, 258-266.
Carvalho, A. da C., Riana, I. G., & Soares, A. de C. (2020). Motivation on job satisfaction and employee performance. International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 7(5), 13-23. https://doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v7n5.960
Desa, N.M., Khoon, T.L., Hasmi, M., & Asaari, A.H. (2018). Work stress toward work
environment, management support, and employee satisfaction among
employees of public organizations. International Journal of Asian Social
Science, 8 (1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.1.2018.81.1.11
Dessler, G. (2018). Human Resource Management (16th ed.). Pearson
Doris, O.U., Tolulope, O., & Mayedun, O. (2016). Role clarity, self concept and job
satisfaction of library personnel in selected university libraries in ogun state,
nigeria. Journal of applied information science and technology, 9 (2), 9-
16.
Goh, E., & Okumus, F. (2020). Avoiding the hospitality workforce bubble: Strategies to attract and retain generation Z talent in the hospitality workforce. Tourism Management Perspectives, 33, 100603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2019.100603
Hasibuan, Malayu. 2017. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Remaja Rosida Karya
Hirarto A.A, Sartika M (2021). Factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan perbankan: studi pada pt. bank rakyat Indonesia (persero) cabang batang, Jurnal of Sharia Finance and Banking, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.28918/velocity.v1i1.3643
Ihsani, N., & Wijayanto, A. (2020). The effect of organizational culture, motivation, and job satisfaction on employee performance. Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management, 1(4), 492-502.
Kainde, S. J., & Mandagi, D. W. (2023). From likes to loyalty: the interplay of social media marketing in shaping education institution brand attitude and loyalty. Jurnal Ekonomi, 12(02), 465-475.
Mandagi, D. W., & Aseng, A. C. (2021). Millennials and Gen Z's Perception of Social Media Marketing Effectiveness on the Festival's Branding: The Mediating Effect of Brand Gestalt. Asia-Pacific Social Science Review, 21(3). 102-121
Meier, J., S.F. Austin & M. Crocker. (2010). Generation y in the workforce: Managerial challengers, The Journal of Human Resources and Adult Learning, 6, 68-79.
Ozkan, M., & Solmaz, B. (2015). The changing face of the employees–generation Z and their perceptions of work (a study applied to university students). Procedia Economics and Finance, 26, 476-483.
Pratama, G., Elistia (2020), Analisis motivasi kerja, kepemimpinan transformasional dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan dimediasi kepuasan kerja pada angkatan kerja generasi Z, Journal of Economic. 2087-8133
Priansa, Donni Juni. 2014. Perencanaan dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia. Alfabeta
Poluan, M. S., Pasuhuk, L. S., & Mandagi, D. W. (2022). The Role of Social Media Marketing In Local Government Institution To Enhance Public Atitude And Satisfaction. Jurnal Ekonomi, 11(03), 1268-1279.
Ramadhani, S.R., Taba, M.I., Umar, F. (2020), The effect of training and job satisfaction on employee engagement and performance of millennial generation employees of pt midi utama indonesia tbk in makassar, International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5(6).
Raziq, A. & Maulabakhsh, R. (2015). Impact of working enviroment on job satisfaction.
Proceedia Economic and Finance, 23: 717-725
Rothman, J. (2014). “A Tsunami of Learner Called Generation Z”. Available online at: http://www.mdle.net/Journal/ ATsunamiofLearnerCalledGenerationZ.pdf
Shwab, K. (2016). The Fourth Industrial Revolution. New York: Crown Business.
Tanjeen, E. (2013). A study on factors affecting job satisfaction of telecommunication
industries in bangladesh. IOSR Journal of business and management, Vol. 8 (6):
80–86.
Taspcott, D. (2008). Grown Up Digital: How the Net Generation is Changing Your World. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Tranfield, D., Denyer, D., & Smart, P. (2003). Towards a methodology for developing evidence-informed management knowledge by means of systematic review. British Journal of Management, 14(3), 207–222. http://doi:10.1111/1467-8551.00375
Wheatley, D. (2017). Autonomy in paid work and employee sujective well-being.
Work and occupations, Vol 0 (0): 1-33. http://doi:10.1177/0730888417697232
Warbung, C. J. E., Wowor, M. C., Walean, R. H., & Mandagi, D. W. (2023). The impact of social media marketing on beauty clinic brand equity: the Case of Zap Manado. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(4), 8.
Waworuntu, E. C., Kainde, S. J., & Mandagi, D. W. (2022). Work-Life Balance, Job Satisfaction and Performance Among Millennial and Gen Z Employees: A Systematic Review. Society, 10(2), 384-398.
Waworuntu, E. C., Mandagi, D. W., & Pangemanan, A. S. (2022). ‘I See It, I Want It, I Buy It’: The Role of Social Media Marketing in Shaping Brand Image and Gen Z’s Intention to Purchase Local Product. Society, 10(2), 351-369.
Wowor, M. C., Mandagi, D. W., Lule, B., & Ambalao, S. S. (2022). The role of social media in employee recruitment: A systematic literature review. Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani, 2(12), 4118-4125.
Wulus, V. G., Mandagi, D. W., Lule, B., & Ambalao, S. S. (2022). Determinan efektivitas social media marketing pada insitusi pemerintah daerah. SEIKO: Journal of Management & Business, 4(3), 522-538.
Wuryaningrat, N. F., Mandagi, D. W., & Rantung, D. I. (2023). Mapalus as a Knowledge Transfer Practice to Improve Innovation Capability: Success or not Success?. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental-RGSA, 17(1), e03162-e03162.
Yaseen, A. (2013). Effect of compensation factors on employee satisfaction: a study of
doctor's dissatisfaction in punjab. International journal of human resource
Studies, Vol. 3 (1): 142-157. http://doi:10.5296/ijhrs.v3i1.3351
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